The fats in the coconut minimize the pores that attract dirt and bacteria and prevent skin from getting damaged. Coconut palms are hard to establish in dry climates, and cannot grow there without frequent irrigation; in drought conditions, the new leaves do not open well, and older leaves may become desiccated; fruit also tends to be shed. They need year round warmth and moisture to grow well and fruit. Coconut withstands conditions considered marginal for many food crops and is a stabilizing factor in the farming systems of fragile environments. in history at New Mexico State University. These are grown for recreational purposes or as an income generator. Coconut oil and milk are ingredients in cooking, frying, soaps and cosmetics, and foods like margarine and popcorn. The husks of the coconut are a source of coir, a fiber used in the production of brushes, matting, and other products. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk or coconut oil. On account of this, thepalm has been regarded as Kalpvriksh (Tree of heaven). Due to growing sedentary lifestyles and heavy-handed landscaping, a decline in these traditional farming and soil-fixing techniques has occurred. [154] Activated carbon manufactured from coconut shell is considered extremely effective for the removal of impurities. [101], Coconut flour has also been developed for use in baking, to combat malnutrition. Malakanin (literally "cooked rice-like") refers to young coconut meat (around 78 months old) which has a more opaque white appearance, a soft texture similar to cooked rice, and can still be easily scraped off the coconut shell. Adsule, and S.S. Kadam. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [58] Coconuts also need high humidity (at least 7080%) for optimum growth, which is why they are rarely seen in areas with low humidity. Coconut oil is moisturizing and has been used for centuries as a hair tonic and skin care product. They grow best near sea level, within 15 degrees of the Equator. [176], It was the main food of adherents of the now discontinued Vietnamese religion o Da. Nevin KG. Coconut is taken by mouth for bladder stones, diabetes, high cholesterol, and weight loss. 37(9):830-5, 2004. Be notified when an answer is posted. [174], The flowers are used sometimes in wedding ceremonies in Cambodia. It might cause fullness or stomach upset in some people. These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. This pattern coincides with the known trade routes of Austronesian sailors. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Sri Lanka is the world's fourth-largest producer of coconuts and is the second-largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 15% of the global production. They control formation and circulation of fats in body. The endocarp is around .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}4 millimetres (18 inch) thick and has three distinctive germination pores (micropyles) on the distal end. ; Diekmann, M. Coconut oil is one of nine internationally traded vegetable oils and ranks eighth in global production. Mature, ripe coconuts can be used as edible seeds, or processed for oil and plant milk from the flesh, charcoal from the hard shell, and coir from the fibrous husk. Nearly one third of the world's population depends on coconut for nutrition and trade. (2008). But we had laid about half among the special provisions below deck, with the waves washing around them. ", "Indian state decides coconut trees are no longer trees but palms", "Medieval Sourcebook: Ibn Battuta: Travels in Asia and Africa 13251354", "Coconut Industry in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Export Development Board", "Australia has a lot of coconut palms so why don't we have a coconut industry? Bangalore, Karnataka 560025, Monday to Friday 9:30 AM 5:30 PM [23] The root system consists of an abundance of thin roots that grow outward from the plant near the surface. Scientific studies have found it effective for treating enlarged prostate and improving serum cholesterol. They have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the single-seeded nut. Other types of large trees produce a single downward-growing tap root with a number of feeder roots growing from it. It is still the largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 64% of the global production. Why Are There No Coconuts In North India? (2009). Her articles have appeared in "Newton Magazine" and she has contributed to myriad popular books, including "Masters of Deception" and "Click: The Ultimate Photography Guide for Generation Now." [125] These can be toasted or baked to make bacon-like fixings. Pintonesia Trading Corp has served customers from all over the world and it has become our top priority to meet our customers satisfaction and expectations. It prefers areas with abundant sunlight and regular rainfall (1,5002,500mm[5998in] annually), which makes colonizing shorelines of the tropics relatively straightforward. the coconut indu stry of g reat economic imp orta nce. In 2007, the Philippines imposed a quarantine in Metro Manila and 26 provinces to stop the spread of the pest and protect the Philippine coconut industry managed by some 3.5million farmers.[75]. This invertebrate builds armor from coconut halves", "Indonesia's veined octopus 'stilt walks' to collect coconut shells", "Coconut Fruit Of Lustre In Indian Culture", "How the Zulu coconut was saved from extinction", "Living Heritage Marcellin College Sina and the Eel", "The Fifth Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman The Arabian Nights The Thousand and One Nights Sir Richard Burton translator", Coconut revival new possibilities for the 'tree of life', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coconut&oldid=1136466340, Mean daily temperature above 1213C (5455F) every day of the year, Mean annual rainfall above 1,000mm (39in). Economics of Coconut Oil; Just Change Trust; 2006; Bangalore, India. Palm wine is distilled to produce arrack. ; Putter, C.A.J. In the Philippines, dried half shells are also used as a music instrument in a folk dance called maglalatik. In 2020, world production of coconuts was 62 million tonnes, led by Indonesia, India, and the Philippines, with 75% combined of the total (table). [49], In contrast to the Pacific coconuts, Indo-Atlantic coconuts were largely spread by Arab and Persian traders into the East African coast. These varieties were selected for slower growth, sweeter coconut water, and often brightly-colored fruits. The nuts we had in baskets on deck remained edible and capable of germinating the whole way to Polynesia. Thailand has been raising and training pig-tailed macaques to pick coconuts for around 400years. Coconuts are distinct from other fruits because their endosperm contains a large quantity of clear liquid, called coconut water or coconut juice. Palm. Coconut is the most versatile tree in the world and is known as "the tree of life". Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It kills bacteria in the mouth and reduces bad breath. Harvesting and Yield in Lucerne Cultivation, Important Problems of Coconut Cultivation, Farming Systems & Sustainable Agriculture, Breeding of Field and Horticultural Crops agriculture information, Fundamentals to Entomology agriculture information, Production Techniques for Biological Control Agents, Practicals on Technology of Milk & Milk Products agriculture information, Economics of Natural Resources & Farm Management agriculture information. [4], The niu vai form is the domesticated form dominant in the Pacific coconuts. Perera, Lalith, Suriya A.C.N. The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom-built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEANCanada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. [91][85] In other areas, like in Papua New Guinea, coconuts are simply collected when they fall to the ground. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. ", "The Alcohol Industry of the Philippine Islands Part II: Distilled Liquors; their Consumption and Manufacture", "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory from the American Heart Association", "The effect of coconut oil consumption on cardiovascular risk factors (Systematic review)", "Coconut oil consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in humans", "Hans van Amsterdam: Coconut Cup with Cover (17.190.622ab) Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History The Metropolitan Museum of Art", "Remembering PT-109: A carved walking stick evokes ship commander John F. Kennedy's dramatic rescue at sea", "MO63.4852 Coconut shell paperweight with PT109 rescue message", "The chemical composition and biological properties of coconut (, "Data sheet about delta-decalactone and its properties", "Defensive tool use in a coconut-carrying octopus", "Aussie scientists find coconut-carrying octopus", "A tool-wielding octopus? Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-users and employment generation potentials. Its development would . It is eaten as is or used as an ingredient in various dishes. (January 27, 1967). In Florida, wild populations of coconut palms extend up the East Coast from Key West to Jupiter Inlet, and up the West Coast from Marco Island to Sarasota. In Kerala, India, the main coconut pests are the coconut mite, the rhinoceros beetle, the red palm weevil, and the coconut leaf caterpillar. It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. Specimens have been collected from the sea as far north as Norway (but it is not known where they entered the water). The fruit, meat, water, and milk of the coconut are all widely consumed as part of the diet in many parts of the world. As an abrasive,[156] a dried half coconut shell with husk can be used to buff floors. Coconut plantations can provide wildlife and habitat conservation economic buffer zones. [57] Thor Heyerdahl provides an alternative, and much shorter, estimate based on his first-hand experience crossing the Pacific Ocean on the raft Kon-Tiki:[68]. In Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore and Tirupur regions top the production list. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. China is the largest producer of watermelon, Brazil of oranges, Italy of grapes and India of bananas. Although these numbers are modest, coconut is an important food crop in Sri Lanka in that it provides Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil could also help reduce acne. [175], The coconut is also used as a target and prize in the traditional British fairground game coconut shy. Immature coconuts produce a sloshing sound when shaken (the sharper the sound, the younger it is), while fully mature coconuts do not. Sweet coconut sap can be made into drinks or fermented into palm wine or coconut vinegar. Do you know 80 million poor people depend directly on coconut for their livelihood in 90 countries? Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. [181], Literary evidence from the Ramayana and Sri Lankan chronicles indicates that the coconut was present in the Indian subcontinent before the 1st centuryBCE. However, it is not native and displays a genetic bottleneck resulting from a founder effect. [24], The palm produces both the female and male flowers on the same inflorescence; thus, the palm is monoecious. According to figures published in December 2009 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, it is the world's second largest producer of coconuts, producing 19,500,000 tonnes in 2009. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Though safer and faster than the climbing method, its main disadvantage is that it does not allow workers to examine and clean the crown of coconuts for pests and diseases. The day is recognized as the beginning of the joyful, colourful Holi celebrations and is seen as a symbolic triumph of good over evil. Production is based in Southern Asia, Central and South America, Oceania and southern Africa; Asia accounts for 84 percent. Want this question answered? [103] Other states, such as Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal, and those in the northeast (Tripura and Assam) account for the remaining productions. [179] In the story of Sina and the Eel, the origin of the coconut is related as the beautiful woman Sina burying an eel, which eventually became the first coconut. However, to exploit these opportunities there must be synergy created among private sector, public sector, research, technical actors and alignment of resources, objectives and targets," Mr Ferretti had remarked in his roadmap presentation. The Coconut Research Center describes the nut as rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals with oil comprising mainly medium-chain fatty acids. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. What Are the Major Regions of Manufacturing Lisa Smith has been an editor and writer since 1991. Cocos nucifera is a large palm, growing up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall, with pinnate leaves 46m (1320ft) long, and pinnae 6090 centimetres (23ft) long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. In the Hainuwele myth from Maluku, a girl emerges from the blossom of a coconut tree. In India, the woven coconut leaves are used to build wedding marquees, especially in the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Economic And Social Department: The Statistical Division. Coconut oil has anti-inflammatory properties, making it beneficial for irritated, chafed skin. Hearts of palm are eaten in salads, sometimes called "millionaire's salad". It was first developed for commercial cultivation in the Philippines and is used widely in Philippine cuisine for desserts, drinks, and pastries. The coconut was a critical food item for the people of Polynesia, and the Polynesians brought it with them as they spread to new islands.[170]. A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each coconut requires a year to fully ripen. [14][15], The interior of the endocarp is hollow and is lined with a thin brown seed coat around 0.2mm (164in) thick. The endocarp or shell is used for fuel for making shell charcoal, activated carbon etc. Nutrition Facts: Vegetable Oil, Coconut. [89], Determining whether to harvest is also important. [49], Coconuts can be broadly divided into two fruit types the ancestral niu kafa form with a thick-husked, angular fruit, and the niu vai form with a thin-husked, spherical fruit with a higher proportion of endosperm. For example, the Polynesian and Melanesian term niu; Tagalog and Chamorro term niyog; and the Malay word nyiur or nyior. Dried copra gives 60 to 67% oil and 33-40% oil cake. Coconuts take 12 months to fully mature and ripen. Trees grow up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall and can yield up to 75 fruits per year, though fewer than 30 is more typical. [85], In cooler climates (but not less than USDA Zone 9), a similar palm, the queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana), is used in landscaping. Virgin coconut oil (VCO), extracted from fresh coconut kernel using the cold press method, that produces the finest and purest grade coconut oil with maximum retention of nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and anti-oxidants, thus making it the mother of all oils. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. HE Moore Jr, NW Uhl. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. However, both James Cook and William Bligh[69] (put adrift after the Bounty mutiny) found no sign of the nuts along this 2,000km (1,200mi) stretch when he needed water for his crew. They eventually form the edible solid endosperm (the "coconut meat" or "coconut flesh") which hardens over time. The Coconut tree belongs to the palm family. Wiki User. [131][86], Coconut milk powder, a protein-rich powder can be processed from coconut milk following centrifugation, separation, and spray drying. [40], Carl Linnaeus first wanted to name the coconut genus Coccus from latinizing the Portuguese word coco, because he saw works of other botanists in middle of the 17th century use the name as well. Several countries economies are based on the coconut palm. The Coconut Palm Cocos Nucifera L. See also Can You Drink Malibu If You'Re Allergic To Coconut? [48][51][57] During the colonial era, Pacific coconuts were further introduced to Mexico from the Spanish East Indies via the Manila galleons. While there is a concentration of coconut plantations in the coastal regions of the country, it is also grown in the hinterlands where the agro-climatic requirements of coconut cultivation are met. nana) varieties. (2009), assigned it to Cocos based on the size and the ridged shape of the fruit. The fruit is adapted for ocean dispersal. Few plants are as versatile as the coconut. It is the dominant form in the Indo-Atlantic coconuts. [160], Coir (the fiber from the husk of the coconut) is used in ropes, mats, doormats, brushes, and sacks, as caulking for boats, and as stuffing fiber for mattresses. [131][86] Most of the fat is saturated (89%), with lauric acid being the major fatty acid. The various products of Coconut include tender Coconut water, copra, Coconut oil, raw Coconut palms require warm conditions for successful growth, and are intolerant of cold weather. Efficient utilisation of resources: Fruit production allows for more efficient resource utilisation because it is a perennial crop, allowing growers to remain actively involved in farm operations throughout the year and to utilise all available resources and assets such as machinery, labour and land for production purposes throughout the year, as opposed to agronomic crops. While comparable to sports drinks, which can be loaded with added sugars and flavorings, coconut water is low in calories and carbs. The immature seeds are infested and desapped by larvae staying in the portion covered by the perianth of the immature seed; the seeds then drop off or survive deformed. This results in the naked coconut "shell" with three pores more familiar in countries where coconuts are not grown locally. While theres no direct way to make your hair grow faster overnight, there are steps you can take to keep your hair healthy and long. Coconut oil, aside from being used in cooking as an ingredient and for frying, is used in soaps, cosmetics, hair oil, and massage oil. Coconut is the fruit of the coconut palm. 2,0004,000 adventitious roots may grow, each about 1cm (12in) large. A young, well-maintained tree can produce around 300 litres (79 US gallons) of toddy per year, while a 40-year-old tree may yield around 400L (110USgal). The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports the top producers are the Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. Conclusion A high source of important vitamins and minerals, as well as high in fibre, fruits are an excellent food choice. [120] They can also be determined traditionally by tapping on the coconut fruit. Spraying with wettable sulfur 0.4% or with Neem-based pesticides can give some relief, but is cumbersome and labor-intensive. as wavelength increases frequency decreases and energy,
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